上海龙凤1314;: other cases

1 period1 the 1st period

I. Teaching aims:

上海龙凤13141．To make Ss grasp other waqys to express unreal conditionals and know how to use them correctly

II. difficult points

1. the phrases and patterns of expressing unreal conditionals

上海龙凤13142. how to tell the fact from unreal conditionals and use them correctly

上海龙凤1314III. teaching methods and aids

上海龙凤13141. Deductive method

2. Practice its use through exercise

上海龙凤1314IV. Teaching Procedures:

上海龙凤1314Step 1 Revision

1. Revise acronyms

上海龙凤13142. Check homework exercises

上海龙凤1314Step 2 grammar explanation

混合虚拟语气： 若主句从句所指的时间不一致，即条件从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在事实相反；或者条件从表示与现在事实相反，主句表真实情况，则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。如：

上海龙凤1314If it had rained last night（过去），it would be very cold today（现在）．

If I had taken your advice（过去），I should have no trouble with the work now（现在）．

* 介词短语表虚拟 with, without, but for,

But for the storm we should have had a pleasant journey.

Without the teacher’s help, I can’t have made so much progress.

上海龙凤1314* as if/though引导的从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符；但表可能性极大时用陈述语气.（It looks/seems as if…）

上海龙凤1314The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for years．

Or/otherwise表虚拟

I’m too busy now, otherwise I would help you do the work

* if only “如果…就好了”,. “要是….就好了”

如果表示对现在的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用过去式；

如果表示将来的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用would/could+动词原形；

上海龙凤1314如果表示对过去的愿望，句中的谓语动词常用had+过去分词。

上海龙凤1314If only I were you!

上海龙凤1314If only you had come yesterday!

上海龙凤1314If only Linda could go with us tomorrow!

上海龙凤1314* 在动词wish后的宾语从句中，用过去式表示与现在事实不符，用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符,用would/could加动词原形,表将来不太可能实现的愿望。如：

I wish that he weren’t so lazy.

I wish I hadn't wasted so much time.

上海龙凤1314I wish she would change her mind.

上海龙凤1314* would (had) rather所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：

上海龙凤1314I would rather （that） you hadn't told him．

上海龙凤1314I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。

上海龙凤1314* 在it is time( high time, about time)句型中常用过去式表示虚拟或sb.should do。

上海龙凤1314It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown.

It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了

上海龙凤1314* had hoped/ planned/ /wanted/ intended/meant 表示一种过去未曾实现的愿望(过去打算,想要做某事却实际没做成),

上海龙凤1314=hoped/planned/wanted/intended /meant to have done ,后常带but引导的从句

* would like/love to have done, was/were supposed +have done

* thought/had thought 表‘原以为。。。。”,现在已不这么想了.

I had thought he had been dead for at least 20 years, .However, he came back yesterday..

I had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.

上海龙凤1314* 情态动词+have done : should (not)have done (ought to) need (not ) have done

上海龙凤1314could/might have done

上海龙凤13141）should have done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”，而shouldn’t have

done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。如：

上海龙凤1314You should have told me about it earlier.

You shouldn’t have said such words to your parents

上海龙凤1314（2）ought to have done也表示“本应该……”而ought not to have done则意为“本不应该……”。如：

You ought to have told me about it earlier.

You ought not to have said such words to your parents.

（3）needn’t have done表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。如：

You needn’t have walked so quickly since time was enough.

4）could have done表示“本来有可能……而事实上未做到”。如：

I could have come on time, but my car broke on the way.

上海龙凤1314*从句用Sb. (should) do 特殊句式表虚拟语气

上海龙凤1314* 在表“命令,建议,要求,,安排“等动词suggest，advise，order，demand，propose，request，require，command，insist等后的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气（即（Should）+动词原形）来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。如果从句修饰这些动词的名词形式(suggestion， proposal，idea，plan，order，advice，demand， request， requirement), 该用法仍然成立.

上海龙凤1314I advise that we should send for Doctor Li.

My advice is that we（should）send for Doctor Li．

上海龙凤1314That we (should) send for doctor Li is my advice.

They accepted my advice that we (should ) send for Doctor Li.

* 在It is necessary/important/strange/natural that…

It is a pity(a shame, no wonder) that…

上海龙凤1314It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once．

It is a pity that he (should )be so rude to a lady.

上海龙凤1314* so that (以便 )，for fear that(以免, 唯恐)，in order that (以便)， in case (假使)，从句中加情态动词，有时should可省略。

他把它藏起来以免她看见。

上海龙凤1314I'll get some beer in case John should come.

He entered the room quietly in order that he should not wake his roommate．