2007-3-28
上海龙凤1314Teaching aims:
上海龙凤13141, Encourage the Ss to raise reading ability by focusing on language points
上海龙凤13142. Get the Ss to grasp the new language usage in the text by learning them.
Important points& difficult points
上海龙凤1314Important and difficult points: some sentences
上海龙凤1314Teaching procedures:
上海龙凤1314Step 1:词汇详解:
1．analysis
上海龙凤1314n．分析，分解 (p1. analyses)
上海龙凤1314make a careful analysis of the problem仔细分析这个问题
上海龙凤1314analyse = analyze vt．(analyses，analyzing)分析
We should analyse the causes of our failure．我们应该分析失败的原因。
【相关链接】
analyst n．分析家，分解者 in the last／final analysis总之
在英语中单数名词以一sis结尾，变复数往往为一ses．例如：basis--bases基础 emphasis--emphases强调
【练习检测】 完成句子
1)We made a careful _________ of the problem．
2)We _______ the causes of our failure．
3)Here are the __________ of the sales figures．
2．value.
n．价值，估价，评价，价格
上海龙凤1314We must clearly know the value of good health． 我们必须清楚地认识到健康的重要性。
what is the value of your house?你的房子值多少钱?
Your help has been of great value(一very valuable)．你的帮助很有价值。
vt．估价，评价，重视
上海龙凤1314He valued the ring at$80．他估计这枚戒指值80美元。
I value your advice．我尊重你的劝告。
上海龙凤1314I value our friendship very much．我非常珍惜我们的友谊。
【相关链接】
上海龙凤1314valuable adj．有价值的 valueless adj．没有价值的 '
上海龙凤1314priceless adj．无价的 worthless adj．不值的 values n．价值观。
be of value-valuable．
to be good／excellent(bad／poor)很(不)划算
be of little／some／no value具有很少价值／有些价值／没有价值
value sth. at. money v. 估价
区别：value，price，cost
上海龙凤1314value指内在价值，the value of American dollar美元的内在价值；price指商品的价值
at a high price以高价；cost指制作的成本，at all costs不惜一切代价。
【练习检测】 1)单项填空
上海龙凤1314(1)Has this volume been good ___for your money? A．worth B．cost C．value D．price
上海龙凤1314(2)This fur coat is very ______ ．It would cost you a lot of money．
A．cost B．valuable C．value D．high
2)完成句子
上海龙凤1314(1)我一直都珍视与你的友谊。
上海龙凤1314I’ve always ________ __________ ____________ ．
(2)那所房子他给我估价80，000美元。
上海龙凤1314He __________ the house for me ____________ ____________.
(3)这些旧装饰物不值钱。
The old ornaments ________ __________ __________ __________.
3．forecast n. 先见，预见，预报；预测
make forecasts about sth．对……进行预测
According to the weather forecast’a storm is on its way．天气预报说有暴风雨来袭。
vt．(forecast, forecast；forecasted，forecasted)预报；预测
上海龙凤1314The teacher forecast that only one third of the students would pass the examination．
老师预计只有三分之一的学生将通过考试。
加前缀一fore表“在……之前；先发生的；在前面的；物体的前部”的词还有：
____________(前额)；___________(前腿)；___________ (前足)；___________ (前臂)；___________ (祖先)： ___________ (预见)；___________ (预先付款)；___________ (预示)；___________ (前景；先见之明)； ___________预见者；(天气)预报员
4. sort n．种类；类别vt. 将…分类；整理
【典型例句】
上海龙凤1314What sort of meat do you like best? 你最喜欢吃什么肉?
上海龙凤1314He is the sort of person I really dislike． 他这种人我真是不喜欢。
We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones．咱们得把好苹果拣出来，同坏的分开。
【相关链接】
上海龙凤1314out of sorts身体不适 sort of=kind of有点；几分
上海龙凤1314sort out整理；挑选出 sort out from把……从……挑出来
【练习检测】
(1)有各种各样的工作你可以做。
上海龙凤1314There are ________ _________ _________ jobs you could do．
(2)你有没有觉得不舒服?你看着有点不对劲。
上海龙凤1314Are you feeling all right? You look a bit _______ ________ ________.
上海龙凤1314(3)天有点晚了。
It’s ________ __________ late．
上海龙凤1314(4)整理我们的全部行李花了不少时间。
上海龙凤1314It took a while to _______ _________ all our luggage．
(5)柜橱该整理一下了。
上海龙凤1314The cupboard ________ _________ _________.
(6)我把这个问题交给你来处理。
I’11 leave you to _______ _______ ________ _________.
上海龙凤1314(7)你难道不会区分好坏吗?
Can’t you ________ _________ _________ _________ __________?
5．useless adj．无用的，无益的
【相关链接】
be useless to sb．对某人没用
It is useless for sb．to do sth．(人)做……是没用的
上海龙凤1314uselessly adv．无益地，无用地 uselessness以．无用
useful adj．有用的，有益的 usefully adv．有用地，有效地
usefulness以．有用，有效性
【练习检测】 汉译英
上海龙凤13141)跟他谈是没用的。________________________________________________________.
2)这些书对我都没用。______________________________________________________.
上海龙凤13146．tie n．领带：纽带；联系；束缚v．系；捆
【典型例句】
He was still a young man and he did not want any ties．他还年轻，不想有任何束缚。
She tied the newspapers in a bundle．她把报纸扎成一捆。
He had to tie his hands together．他不得不把他的双手绑在一起。
【相关链接】
(1)Have tie with… 与…有关系
(2)tie in with sth．和……相符；相配
上海龙凤1314(3)tie…to…把……拴在……
上海龙凤1314(4)tie up捆起；拴住
【练习检测】1)完成句子
(1)这家商行与一家美国公司关系密切。
The firm_____ ______ ______with an American corporation．
(2)把你的鞋带系好。________ _______ your shoelaces.
7．common adj．常见的；普通的；一般的
【典型例句】
Rabbits and foxes are common in Britain．兔子与狐狸在英国十分常见j
上海龙凤1314HOW will these changes affect the common sense? 这些变化会怎样影响一般人呢?
【相关链接】
common，usual， regular与ordinary
上海龙凤1314common普通的；常见的；共同的；共有的。
usual通常的；习惯的；经常发生的事，如自然发生的事、根据社会或个人习惯所做的事情。
regular通常的；常例的；强调遵循事物既定的或自然规律。
ordinary普通的；平凡的；强调普通；寻常以及缺乏优越的性质。
【练习检测】
上海龙凤1314用common, usual, regular, ordinary填空
上海龙凤1314(1)He was asked the ________questions by the police．
(2)Sunday is a _______holiday．
(3)The book describes the way of lire of the_______ people of Mexico． 、
上海龙凤1314(4)It’s _______ knowledge among people that there will be an election．
8．remain vi．保持；仍然是；剩下；余留；仍待；尚需. (后可接名词,形容词,动名词,动词不定式等.)
【典型例句】
He remained sitting when the teacher came in．当老师进来时，他依然坐着。
Country music today remains much the same as before．今日乡村音乐同过去差不多。
上海龙凤1314The door remains closed．门是关着的。
上海龙凤1314注意：remain作“仍然是，一直保持”讲，实为系动词其后可接形容词、名词、分词短语、介词短语、不定式分别作其表语。
【相关链接】
(1)remainder n．剩下的人；事物或时间；剩余部分
Ten people came but the remainder stayed away. 来了十个人，其余的没来。
上海龙凤1314(2)remaining adj．剩余的。
上海龙凤1314The remaining food belongs to you. 剩下的食物归你。
(3)remains n．(常用复数)所剩下的，遗留的东西剩余物；残骸
His remains are buried in the churchyard．他的遗体埋葬在教堂的墓地里。
【练习检测】 完成句子
上海龙凤1314(1)只剩下十分钟了。 There were only ten minutes ____________.
(2)你说的对不对还有待于证实。
It _______ _______ ________ ________whether you are right．
(3)雨很大，但他仍然站在那儿。
上海龙凤1314It was raining heavily but he remained _________ there．
2)同义旬转换
A：What will you do with the money left?
上海龙凤1314B：What will you do with ________ __________ __________ .
上海龙凤13149．advantage n．有利条件；有利因素；优势
【典型例句】
Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players．他个子高，比其他运动员有利。
上海龙凤1314Is there any advantage in getting there early? 早到那里是否有利?
上海龙凤1314Each Of these systems have its advantages and disadvantages．这些系统各有其优缺点。
上海龙凤1314【相关链接】 ，
上海龙凤1314(1)to one’S advantage对……有利
上海龙凤1314It would be to your advantage to attend the meeting． 参加这次会议对你有利。
(2)take advantage of利用
She took advantage of the children’S absence to tidy their rooms．
她趁孩子们不在时收拾了他们的房间。
上海龙凤1314(3)be at an advantage处于优势地位 (4)have the advantage of利用
(5)advantageous adj．有利的；有好处的 (6)advantaged．adj．处于优势的
【练习检测】完成句子
上海龙凤1314(1)新规章制度将对我们有利。
上海龙凤1314Eventually，the new regulations will________ ________ ___________ _________.
(2)我们充分享用了旅馆设施。
上海龙凤1314We _______ _________ ___________ __________ the hotel facilities．
上海龙凤1314(3)他具有受过良好教育的有利条件；
上海龙凤1314He _______ ________ ___________ _________ a good education．
上海龙凤1314(4)自由贸易协议对两国都有利。
A free trade agreement would ____________ ___________ ___________ both countries．
10．judge vt．判断；鉴别；审理；裁判；裁决，n．法官；裁判员；审判员
【典型例句】
I judged him to be about 50． 我估计他年龄在50左右。
上海龙凤1314The judges’decision is final． 裁判的决定为最终决定。
上海龙凤1314The judge sentenced him to five years in prison． 法官判他五年监禁。
【相关链接】
上海龙凤1314(1)judging from根据……判断
Judging from his words，he has known the truth． 从他的话判断，他已经知道真相了。
(2)as far as can be judged／as far as one can judge 据判断；据认为
As far as l can judge，all of them are to blame．依我看，他们都应承担责任。
【练习检测】
上海龙凤1314(1) _________ from his looks，he is a kind man．
上海龙凤1314A．Judging B．Being judged C．Judged D．Judge
(2)The performance was good when ________ by usual standards．
上海龙凤1314A．judging B．being judged C．judge D．judged
上海龙凤1314(3)I judge _______ better to tell her．
上海龙凤1314A．it B．that C．this D．／
11．occur vi 发生；存在；想起；被想到；出现在头脑中常与to连用 (occurred, occurred)
A number of changes occurred in these years． 近年来，发生了很大的变化。
It didn’t occur to me that you would object． 我没想到你会反对。
【相关链接】
Sth. occur to sb. = sth. come to sb. ……突然被想到
An excellent idea occurred to me．我突然想到一个主意。
it occurs to somebody (that) = it occurs to somebody to do something刚想到，突然想到
It occurred to me that 1 would travel to Europe．我忽然想去欧洲旅游。
It never occurred to me to phone you．我根本没想到要打电话给你。
occurrence n．发生，出现；发生的事情。
上海龙凤1314It’s really an unfortunate occurrence． 这真是不幸的事情。
【练习检测】
上海龙凤1314我突然有个念头我要试试.( 汉译英,用两种句式翻译)
上海龙凤1314_____________________________________________________________________.
= ____________________________________________________________________.
上海龙凤131412．present vt．提出;呈送;赠送;授予adj．出席的;到场的;现在的n．礼物;现在;目前
【典型例句】
上海龙凤1314The students presented the teacher with a bunch of flowers．学生们送给那位老师一束花。
The English spoken in the past was different from the present day English．
上海龙凤1314过去讲的英语和今天的英语有所不同。
They exchanged presents at the farewell party．他们在告别晚会上交换礼物。
【知识小结】
present用作形容词作定语时，如果表示“现在；当前”的意思时，往往用作前置定语．当表示“出席；到场”的意思时，用作后置定语，如：
上海龙凤1314the present international situation 当前国际形式
the people present at the meeting 出席会议的人们
【相关链接】
at present 现在 for the present 暂时
上海龙凤1314present oneself 出席 present sb．with sth．赠给某人某物
presently立刻；马上 presenter n．节目主持人
presentation n. 表演；演出
【练习检测】
1)单项填空
上海龙凤1314(1)Let’s leave the things as they are ______; we can always make changes later on if necessary．
A．for the present B．at present C．to the present D．up to the present
上海龙凤1314(2)She never seems at ease ________ ．
A．in my presence B．with my presence C．with presence of mind D．at my presence
上海龙凤1314(3)It’s unfair to discuss his case if he is not ________ ．
上海龙凤1314A．present B．presently C．absent D．presence
2)完成句子
(1)他现在很忙，不能见你。
上海龙凤1314He is busy_______ _________ and can’t see you．
(2)当前国际形势十分复杂。 ，
上海龙凤1314The _________ __________ situation is very complicated．
上海龙凤131413．accustomed adj．习惯于：适应了的 ?
【相关链接】
(1) be/become/get accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于……
be accustomed to有时可以与be used to互换
上海龙凤1314(2) accustom v. 使…习惯于;养成习惯; 常与to(介词)连用
上海龙凤1314accustom oneself to doing使自己习惯于……
上海龙凤131414．advantage n．优势，有利条件，利益
This school has many advantages．这所学校有许多的有利条件。
【相关链接】
have the advantage of胜过，占优势
to one’s advantage／disadvantage／to the advantage／disadvantage of sb
对某人有利／不利的
上海龙凤1314take advantage of sth．利用某事物take advantage of sb．欺骗(捉弄)某人
上海龙凤1314反义词：disadvantage”不利，不利条件，损害，损失
【练习检测】 完成句子
1)We _______ ________ _________ (利用)the fine weather to go on hiking．
2)It’ll _______ ________ _________ _________ (对你有好处)to study abroad．
15．address 发表演说；写姓名地址；把信写给…；称呼；致力于,着手
He addressed an audience of 10,000 supporters.
上海龙凤1314I’m afraid I have addressed the parcel wrongly. 把包裹上收件人的地址写错了.
The president should be addressed as ‘Mr. President’. 被称呼为总统先生
address a problem /question/ issue etc : start to solve a problem
Our products address the needs of real users.
He ignored the side issues and addressed himself to handling the main problems.致力于
Step 2:难句分析
上海龙凤13141．When people are in need of information，from current affairs and weather forecasts to travel and academic research，the Internet is now the first place that many people turn to．(page 34,lines 7---9)
从时事新闻、天气预报。到包价旅游、学术研究。当人们需求信息时。因特网现在已是许多人的首选。
上海龙凤1314【剖析】这是一个复合句，when people are in need of information，from current affairs and weather forecasts to travel and academic research是时间状语从句，that many people turn to是定语从句。
【归纳】
(1)in need of需要
上海龙凤1314The army is in great need of food at present．目前部队急需食品。
(2)There is no need to…没必要……
There is no need to tell him．没有必要告诉他。
(3)turn to sb．(for help)求助于
上海龙凤1314The child turned tO his mother for help with his homework．
那孩子让妈妈帮助解决自己家庭作业中的困难。
2．With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse，a student can acquire knowledge from the information held in the largest libraries and museums in the world。whether he or she lives in a small village or downtown in a big city．(page34，lines 9--12)
上海龙凤1314无论是住在小村庄。还是住在大城市的市中心。学生们只要敲击一下键盘按钮或者是点击一下鼠标，就可以获得世界上最大的图书馆或博物馆中所储存的信息。
上海龙凤1314【剖析】这是一个复合句，whether he or she lives in a small village or downtown in a big city是让步状语从句。
【归纳】
acquire v．获得；习得 acquisition n. 获得,所获之物
By working hard for a year，Thomson had acquired a passing knowledge of Chinese．
通过一年的刻苦学习，汤姆森的汉语水平达到了说得过去的程度。
3．The disadvantage，though，is that it is difficult to judge whether the information is true and accurate．(page35。lines 38-39)
上海龙凤1314然而。缺点就是我们很难判断这些信息，是不是正确、准确的。
【剖析】这是一个复合句，that it is difficult to judge whether the information is true and accurate是表语从句，其中包含着一个宾语从句whether the information is true and accurate；though是连词，承上句，表转折，意为“然而；可是”。
【归纳】
上海龙凤1314though用作连词，表示“虽然；尽管；即使；可是；然而”。
Anne was fond of Tim，though he often annoyed her．安妮喜欢蒂姆，虽然他经常使她心烦。
4．This requires you to be patient as you have to read the information to decide whether it is related to what you are researching．(page 46。lines 18一19)
上海龙凤1314这要求你必须耐心。因为你只有读了这些信息。你才能判定这与你正在研究的是不是有关系。
【剖析】这是一个复合句，as you have to read the information to decide whether it is related to what you are researching．是原因状语从句；其中又包括了一个whether引导的宾语从句，在宾语从句中，what you are searching作to的宾语。
【归纳】
上海龙凤1314be related to…和……有关
She is related to me by marriage． 她与我有姻亲关系。